{"id":41,"date":"2024-11-26T11:03:54","date_gmt":"2024-11-26T08:03:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/?p=41"},"modified":"2024-11-26T11:03:54","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T08:03:54","slug":"ozgur-irade-ve-turk-kadini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/?p=41","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr \u0130rade ve T\u00fcrk Kad\u0131n\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Se\u00e7me ve Se\u00e7ilme Hakk\u0131na Eri\u015fmesini Sa\u011flayan Yasal D\u00fczenlemeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Kad\u0131nlar, 1580 say\u0131l\u0131 3 Nisan 1930 tarihli Belediye Kanunu<\/a>\u2018nun kabul\u00fc ile birlikte kad\u0131nlar belediye se\u00e7imlerinde se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen Belediye Kanunu\u2019ndaki intihab (se\u00e7me, se\u00e7im) ko\u015fullar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki ilgili maddeler \u015fu \u015fekildeydi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda belediye se\u00e7imlerinde se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131 kazanan kad\u0131nlar, milletvekili se\u00e7imlerinde se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131na ise 5 Aral\u0131k 1934\u2019de Anayasa\u2019da ve Se\u00e7im Kanunu\u2019nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikle kavu\u015ftu. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ilk kez oy kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n ve aday olabilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7an\u00a02599 say\u0131l\u0131 5 Aral\u0131k 1934 tarihli Te\u015fkil\u00e2t\u0131 Esasiye Kanununun 10 ve 11 inci Maddelerinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun<\/a>\u2018un ilgili maddeleri \u015fu \u015fekildeydi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn,\u00a02598 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130ntihab\u0131 Mebusan Kanununun Baz\u0131 Maddelerinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine ve Kanuna Bir Madde \u0130l\u00e2vesine Dair Kanun<\/a>\u2018da da \u015fu \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meclise Giren \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Milletvekilleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ger\u00e7ek anlamda, Anayasa\u2019da yap\u0131lan d\u00fczenleme ile birlikte, 1934 y\u0131l\u0131nda se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilebilme hakk\u0131na sahip olan kad\u0131nlar, ilk kez 1935 se\u00e7imlerine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup, TBMM\u2019nin 5. d\u00f6neminde 18 kad\u0131n parlamenter ile Meclis\u2019te temsil edilmi\u015flerdir. 1935 y\u0131l\u0131 se\u00e7im sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re, Meclis\u2019e 17 kad\u0131n milletvekili girmi\u015ftir. 1936\u2019da bo\u015falan milletvekillikleri i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ara se\u00e7imde Hatice \u00d6zgener \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131\u2019dan milletvekili se\u00e7ilmi\u015f olup, b\u00f6ylece Meclis\u2019teki kad\u0131n milletvekili say\u0131s\u0131 18 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1935 se\u00e7imlerinde 17 vekil, 1936 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki ara se\u00e7imlerde 1 vekille birlikte toplam 18 kad\u0131n vekilin 57 b\u00f6lgeden toplam 3999 milletvekilinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 meclise girmesiyle,  kad\u0131n vekil oran\u0131 % 4,5 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk 18 kad\u0131n milletvekili listesi \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Mebrure G\u00f6nen\u00e7 \u2013 \u0130stanbul<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Hat\u0131 \u00c7\u0131rpan \u2013 Ankara<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. T\u00fcrkan \u00d6rs Ba\u015ftu\u011f \u2013 Antalya<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7\u00fcl \u2013 Bal\u0131kesir<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. \u015eekibe \u0130nsel \u2013 Bursa<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Hatice \u00d6zgener \u2013 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. Huriye \u00d6niz \u2013 Diyarbak\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. Fatma Memik \u2013 Edirne<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. Nakiye Elg\u00fcn \u2013 Erzurum<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. Fakiye \u00d6ymen \u2013 \u0130stanbul<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  11. Benal Nevzad \u0130\u015ftar \u2013 \u0130zmir<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  12. Ferruh G\u00fcpg\u00fcp \u2013 Kayseri<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  13. Bediz Morova Aydilek \u2013 Konya<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  14. Mihri Pekta\u015f \u2013 Malatya<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  15. Meliha Ula\u015f \u2013 Samsun<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  16. Esma Nayman \u2013 Seyhan<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  17. Sabiha G\u00f6rkey \u2013 Sivas<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  18. Seniha H\u0131zal \u2013 Trabzon<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Cumhuriyet\u2019in ilk kad\u0131n milletvekilleri TBMM Alb\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f ve k\u0131sa \u00f6zge\u00e7mi\u015fleri de bu kitap i\u00e7erisinde yine belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Vekillerin Yahudi ve Rum Oldu\u011fu \u0130ddias\u0131 As\u0131ls\u0131z ve Dayanaks\u0131z<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    TBMM\u2019ye giren ilk kad\u0131n milletvekillerinin Musevi ve Rum oldu\u011funa y\u00f6nelik herhangi bir delil bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok kaynakta, bahsi ge\u00e7en vekillerin T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011funa dair at\u0131flar yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    S\u00f6z konusu 18 vekilden sadece Mebr\u00fbre G\u00f6nen\u00e7, Hatice \u00d6zgener, Huhriye \u00d6niz, Benal Nevzat, Esma Nayman\u2019\u0131n Rumca bildi\u011fi \u00f6zge\u00e7mi\u015flerinde aktar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu vekillerin Rum k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011funa dair bir emare bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Mecliste yer alan az\u0131nl\u0131k ya da gayrim\u00fcslim milletvekilleri aras\u0131nda yukar\u0131da ismi s\u0131ralanan kad\u0131n vekillerin yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kad\u0131nlara se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131n\u0131n verilmesinden sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk se\u00e7imlerin akabinde TBMM\u2019de sadece 5 gayrim\u00fcslim milletvekili yer almaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Dr. Ali \u00c7ak\u0131rba\u015f\u2019\u0131n \u201cTBMM\u2019de Gayrim\u00fcslim Milletvekilleri (1923-1964)<\/a>\u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zlara ayr\u0131lan kontenjandan TBMM\u2019ye giren gayrim\u00fcslim temsilcileri \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Ankara\u2019dan Doktor Nikola Tapta\u015f,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Afyon\u2019dan eski Osmanl\u0131 Bankas\u0131 M\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinden Ber\u00e7 Keresteciyan,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Eski\u015fehir\u2019den T\u00fcrk Ortodoks \u0130stamat Zihni,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Ni\u011fde\u2019den Doktor Abravaya Marmaral\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Van\u2019dan M\u00fcnib Boya<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Ancak, ayn\u0131 kitapta M\u00fcnib Boya<\/a>\u2018n\u0131n, her ne kadar Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 olsa da TBMM\u2019ye T\u00fcrk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olarak kabul edildi\u011fi aktar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      R\u0131fat N. Bali, \u201cCumhuriyet D\u00f6neminde Az\u0131nl\u0131k Milletvekilleri<\/a>\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mecliste sadece 4 az\u0131nl\u0131k vekilinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktarmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Milletvekili Ad\u0131 Soyad\u0131<\/strong><\/td>Mezhebi<\/strong><\/td>Se\u00e7ildi\u011fi Parti<\/strong><\/td>G\u00f6rev Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00f6nem<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
      Ber\u00e7 T\u00fcrker (Keresteci)<\/td>Ermeni<\/td>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<\/td>1 Mart 1935 \u2013 5 A\u011fustos 1946 (V, VI, VII d\u00f6nem)<\/td><\/tr>
      Nikola Taptas<\/td>Rum<\/td>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<\/td>1 Mart 1935 \u2013 8 Mart 1943 (V, VI d\u00f6nem)<\/td><\/tr>
      Abravaya Marmaral\u0131<\/td>Musevi<\/td>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<\/td>1 Mart 1935 \u2013 8 Mart 1943 (V, VI d\u00f6nem)<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0130stamat Zihni \u00d6zdamar<\/td>T\u00fcrk Ortodoks<\/td>Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<\/td>1 Mart 1935 \u2013 5 A\u011fustos 1946 (V, VI, VII d\u00f6nem)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

      [1] https:\/\/twitter.com\/fatihtezcan\/status\/1276385653207547911<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [2] T\u00dc\u0130K, Milletvekili Genel se\u00e7imleri, 1923-2011, Syf. X-XI<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [3] TBMM Alb\u00fcm\u00fc 1920-2010, 1. Cilt 1920-1950 Syf. 97-112<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [4] T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Milletvekilleri, Sibel Duruo\u011flu, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Syf:67-110<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [5] T\u00fcrk Parlementosundaki Kad\u0131n Milletvekilleri (1935-2007), Cemile \u015eahin, Doktora Tezi, 2010. Syf. 35<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [6] TBMM\u2019de Bir Cumhuriyet Ayd\u0131n\u0131: Dr. Fatma Memiki Sava\u015f Sertel, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [7] Osmanl\u0131\u2019dan Cumhuriyete Bir E\u011fitimci: Nakiye Elg\u00fcni, Ar\u015f G\u00f6r. Mustafa \u00d6zy\u00fcrek, 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [8] T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Milletvekillerinden Benal Nevzat (\u0130\u015ftar) Ar\u0131man, Selman Ya\u015far, 2010<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [9] T\u00fcrk Kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n Siyasete Giri\u015f S\u00fcreci Ve \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Saylav Mihri \u0130ffet Pekta\u015f, Salhadin G\u00d6K, \u00d6zlem KILIN\u00c7\u00c7EKER, 2019, Sf. 58<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [10] https:\/\/www.5harfliler.com\/malatya-mebusu-bayan-mihri-pektas\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [11] T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Milletvekillerinden Samsun Milletvekili Meliha Ula\u015f, Yrd. Do\u00e7. Dr. Mehmet AYDIN, 2014 Sf.16<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [12] TBMM\u2019deki \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Milletvekillerinden Esma Nayman Ve Meclisteki Faaliyetleri, Erdem \u00c7anak, 2016, Sf. 33<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [13] https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/mustafa-naili-pasa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      [14] Bas\u0131ndaki Bilgiler I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130lk Kad\u0131n Milletvekillerimizden Trabzon Milletvekili Seniha H\u0131zal Ve Meclisteki Faaliyetleri, Selman Ya\u015far, 2020, Sf. 351s<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Se\u00e7me ve Se\u00e7ilme Hakk\u0131na Eri\u015fmesini Sa\u011flayan Yasal D\u00fczenlemeler Kad\u0131nlar, 1580 say\u0131l\u0131 3 Nisan 1930 tarihli Belediye Kanunu\u2018nun kabul\u00fc ile birlikte kad\u0131nlar belediye se\u00e7imlerinde se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131na kavu\u015fmu\u015ftu. 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen Belediye Kanunu\u2019ndaki intihab (se\u00e7me, se\u00e7im) ko\u015fullar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki ilgili maddeler \u015fu \u015fekildeydi: 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda belediye se\u00e7imlerinde se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131 kazanan kad\u0131nlar, milletvekili se\u00e7imlerinde […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=41"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41\/revisions\/47"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=41"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=41"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=41"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}