{"id":165,"date":"2026-08-04T16:09:36","date_gmt":"2026-08-04T13:09:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/?p=165"},"modified":"2026-08-04T16:09:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T13:09:36","slug":"uc-tarz-i-siyaset-1904-yilinda-yusuf-akcura-tarafindan-kaleme-alinmis-turk-siyasi-dusunce-tarihinin-en-etkili-metinlerinden-biridir-ilk-olarak-misirda-yayimlanan-turk-gazetesinde-yayiml","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/?p=165","title":{"rendered":"\u00dc\u00e7 Tarz-\u0131 Siyaset, 1904 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yusuf Ak\u00e7ura taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarihinin en etkili metinlerinden biridir. \u0130lk olarak M\u0131s\u0131r&#8217;da yay\u0131mlanan\u00a0T\u00fcrk\u00a0gazetesinde yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ak\u00e7ura, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8217;nin da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecinde devleti ayakta tutabilecek \u00fc\u00e7 temel siyaset anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 olarak analiz eder."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/UrrNI5oGl0dYKs4Z9Lo2nX4cm7BGv6o0NXCmzzGNH7nZJoxPYqVPu-sr2q_59owQSY8HVJZqmwMY2cr6G1K4noO1vFv_MrIxX1-XMF1JCeq7-MqoFzvssfGZXt5YkCNrH3Cv11__Y1kzDEuvqcYCtbC1IBPhPDp9Tzksc8HS_nr1LaLllvSUmNkE4Y2CJivw?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/qeIgxvJowQBiu0fp4Je_GJkUcWSUWSa1TGeaJjNKr8tr8yUC4vW7e7vLRDEbWTct9FRbdAr7joYAkK0s_ur8cje0J5d5dBKS5k_ufEkoGMFfojqzCnl1abAaNMQbTRugbJc7PGTCaf-bSo7OIOKBBx8WvBmFYUC5DnXMzBqCfaUR6F_J1izHSXNwIlQpGGDa?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/2UC3-NJQKzPhslXtBxl9ncEPIZnRVPPc4cHKNOr7Afbp2jSI3iUdmjAKK7ENYijp_ojVOkxU1z3-gJHqbYP8CeqfeVpTguZqepJhRJV_XYfjgMHKzfkUbaHsWfdMvwcIymgWKnPuQGLXJ7IYuS-yppiCIcIDOKREsmaEEboKnmPAvZHM1anIw4ZS07jZrkbg?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/li0ih4w_qbmEQC1gL1qMZ5bvu0DXv5oR84K4hbyyPO6DgMsUaxY5bjuHSNTy3-C-W0wSrvcyXMRroP3p_lavxnWr7UBJXqBSG3cEwot2abnVOK3uJzE0vv-r2I1vmjzjwZab-o6tqAM22YGVpIUIoxKZay_LvoqP3Af1F2_MllxhDzLx43JM6x_EegcebAZ9?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/fEThpug--kxq2xI17XrFmGyAxdkLn5xR7sveJpO3tKOyoyD_CTKbJ_C1DolbhGMm4hYI8_IIwCSxgbzLTKIBopFubYGaoiAYdzE-M24AeC9x3pjHu5zG2iDqlPPigxDkh43TTVygHgY2FBalTq8o6aoJX4rNsaZzc9G0nnpxitwVWdotfvqWlk5Mx-aZQXZI?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k (Osmanl\u0131 Milleti Fikri)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce:<\/strong><br>Din, dil ve etnik k\u00f6ken ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden Osmanl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki t\u00fcm halklar\u0131n e\u015fit vatanda\u015f olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ama\u00e7:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Devletin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korumak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketlerini durdurmak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ortak bir &#8220;Osmanl\u0131 milleti&#8221; olu\u015fturmak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantajlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Teorik olarak t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131 kaps\u0131yordu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avrupa devletlerinin bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilecek bir modeldi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dezavantajlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Balkan milletleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k yoluna girmi\u015fti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etnik milliyet\u00e7ilik \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015fti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve gayrim\u00fcslim toplumlar\u0131n beklentileri farkl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong><br>Ak\u00e7ura&#8217;ya g\u00f6re uygulanabilirli\u011fi olduk\u00e7a zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k (Pan-\u0130slamizm)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce:<\/strong><br>Halifenin liderli\u011finde b\u00fct\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n siyasi ve manevi birlik olu\u015fturmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ama\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklar\u0131 ortak kimlik alt\u0131nda toplamak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osmanl\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusunu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantajlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halk aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc aidiyet olu\u015fturabilirdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halifelik \u00f6nemli bir me\u015fruiyet kayna\u011f\u0131yd\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dezavantajlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gayrim\u00fcslim vatanda\u015flar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rak\u0131yordu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u00f6m\u00fcrge alt\u0131ndaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumlar\u0131n siyasi ko\u015fullar\u0131 farkl\u0131yd\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avrupa devletlerinin sert tepkisini \u00e7ekebilirdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck (T\u00fcrk Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce<\/strong><br>T\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi temelinde milli birlik olu\u015fturmak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ama\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fcrk unsurunu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modern bir milli devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Avantajlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ortak dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr etraf\u0131nda birlik sa\u011flayabilirdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Modern milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131mlar\u0131yla uyumluydu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dezavantajlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fcrk olmayan unsurlar\u0131n devletten uzakla\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilirdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osmanl\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n \u00e7ok uluslu yap\u0131s\u0131yla gerilim olu\u015fturabilirdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak\u00e7ura, uzun vadede en uygulanabilir se\u00e7ene\u011fin T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck oldu\u011funu savunur. Ancak bunun da maliyetleri ve riskleri bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ak\u00e7ura&#8217;n\u0131n Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Siyaset Tarz\u0131<\/th><th>Dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kimlik<\/th><th>Hedef<\/th><th>Ak\u00e7ura&#8217;n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/td><td>Ortak vatanda\u015fl\u0131k<\/td><td>\u0130mparatorlu\u011fu korumak<\/td><td>Ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131 azalm\u0131\u015f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k<\/td><td>Din<\/td><td>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman birli\u011fi<\/td><td>K\u0131smen uygulanabilir<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck<\/td><td>Millet<\/td><td>Milli devlet<\/td><td>En g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc alternatif<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tarih\u00ee Etkisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ziya G\u00f6kalp gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck fikrini daha sistemli h\u00e2le getirdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk d\u00f6neminde kurulan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131ktan farkl\u0131 olarak ulus-devlet modelini benimsedi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k ise farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde \u00e7e\u015fitli siyasi ve toplumsal hareketlerde etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00dc\u00e7 Tarz-\u0131 Siyaset<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak\u00e7ura&#8217;n\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7 yakla\u015f\u0131m bug\u00fcn de farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong>, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha \u00e7ok kapsay\u0131c\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131k, \u00e7o\u011fulculuk ve ortak anayasal kimlik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong>, dinin kamusal hayattaki rol\u00fc ve \u00fcmmet fikri ekseninde farkl\u0131 siyasi yakla\u015f\u0131mlarda etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck<\/strong>, ulusal kimlik, egemenlik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel birlik vurgusuyla farkl\u0131 milliyet\u00e7ilik anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ak\u00e7ura&#8217;n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nemi, belirli bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yaln\u0131zca savunmas\u0131ndan de\u011fil; Osmanl\u0131 Devleti&#8217;nin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu temel stratejik se\u00e7enekleri sistematik bi\u00e7imde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak T\u00fcrk siyaset d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde analitik bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve olu\u015fturmu\u015f olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Osmanl\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k (Osmanl\u0131 Milleti Fikri) Temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce:Din, dil ve etnik k\u00f6ken ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden Osmanl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki t\u00fcm halklar\u0131n e\u015fit vatanda\u015f olmas\u0131. Ama\u00e7: Avantajlar\u0131 Dezavantajlar\u0131 Sonu\u00e7:Ak\u00e7ura&#8217;ya g\u00f6re uygulanabilirli\u011fi olduk\u00e7a zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 2. \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k (Pan-\u0130slamizm) Temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce:Halifenin liderli\u011finde b\u00fct\u00fcn M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n siyasi ve manevi birlik olu\u015fturmas\u0131. Ama\u00e7 Avantajlar\u0131 Dezavantajlar\u0131 3. T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fck (T\u00fcrk Milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi) Temel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceT\u00fcrk kimli\u011fi temelinde milli birlik<a href=\"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/?p=165\"> &#8230;read more.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[17],"class_list":["post-165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarih","tag-ilke"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=165"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":166,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/165\/revisions\/166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cihankama.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}